English
If the union over U equals the whole domain, then f is surjective iff each restriction to U_i is surjective.
Русский
Если объединение по U равно всю область, то отображение f сюръективно тогда и только тогда, когда каждое ограничение на U_i сюръективно.
LaTeX
$$$\\text{Surjective}(f) \\iff \\forall i,\\ \\text{Surjective}((U(i)).\\text{restrictPreimage}(f)).$$$
Lean4
theorem surjective_iff_surjective_of_iUnion_eq_univ : Surjective f ↔ ∀ i, Surjective ((U i).restrictPreimage f) :=
by
refine ⟨fun H i => (U i).restrictPreimage_surjective H, fun H x => ?_⟩
obtain ⟨i, hi⟩ := Set.mem_iUnion.mp (show x ∈ Set.iUnion U by rw [hU]; trivial)
exact ⟨_, congr_arg Subtype.val (H i ⟨x, hi⟩).choose_spec⟩