English
There is a way to decompose a total sum by choosing a distinguished index b and splitting into f(b) plus the sum of the remainder over an indicator for x = b.
Русский
Сумму можно разложить по выбранному индексу b на f(b) плюс сумму по остаточным элементам через индикатор x = b.
LaTeX
$$$\sum' x, f(x) = f(b) + \sum' x, \mathrm{ite}(x=b,0,f(x)).$$$
Lean4
theorem tsum_union_le (f : α → ℝ≥0∞) (s t : Set α) : ∑' x : ↑(s ∪ t), f x ≤ ∑' x : s, f x + ∑' x : t, f x :=
calc
∑' x : ↑(s ∪ t), f x = ∑' x : ⋃ b, cond b s t, f x := tsum_congr_set_coe _ union_eq_iUnion
_ ≤ _ := by simpa using tsum_iUnion_le f (cond · s t)